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DBMS > Datomic vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#94  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score5.38
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.commemgraph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquestdb.iowww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.commemgraph.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerquestdb.io/­docsdocs.singlestore.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperCognitectMemgraph LtdMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncSingleStore Inc.
Initial release20122017201920142013
Current release1.0.7075, December 2023cloud service with continuous releases8.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC and C++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++, Go
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL with time-series extensionsyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infodynamic graph partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Sharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with eventual consistencySource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationnoACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesnoyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissionsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomicMemgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
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