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DBMS > Datomic vs. Lovefield vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Lovefield vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldneo4j.comwww.stardog.comvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperCognitectGoogleNeo4j, Inc.Stardog-UnionVelocityDB Inc
Initial release20122014200720102011
Current release1.0.6735, June 20232.1.12, February 20175.20, May 20247.3.0, May 20207.x
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaScriptJava, ScalaJavaC#
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Any that supports .NET
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
.Net
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
TriggersBy using transaction functionsUsing read-only observersyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlersCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes infousing MemoryDByesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and rolesBased on Windows Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomicLovefieldNeo4jStardogVelocityDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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