DBMS > Datomic vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#369	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

nsdb.io

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

nsdb.io/Architecture

Developer

Cognitect

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2014

2016

1989

2017

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

JavaScript

C++

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

JavaScript

C#
Java
PHP

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

View functions in JavaScript

Transact SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

Using Apache Lucene

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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