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DBMS > Datomic vs. Ingres vs. IRONdb vs. RocksDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Ingres vs. IRONdb vs. RocksDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityWell established RDBMSA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.55
Rank#144  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#97  Overall
#16  Key-value stores
Score3.99
Rank#75  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#40  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.datomic.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/rocksdb.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-startedgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wikidocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCognitectActian CorporationCirconus LLC.Facebook, Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release20121974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201720131998
Current release1.0.7180, July 202412.0, July 2024V0.10.20, January 20189.4.0, June 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureCC and C++C++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)noyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
HTTP APIC++ API
Java API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsyesyes, in Luanoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peershorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyAutomatic, metric affinity per nodehorizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersIngres Replicatorconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareyesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomicIngresIRONdbRocksDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
DatomicIngresIRONdbRocksDBVirtuoso
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