DBMS > Datomic vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/Linux

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Since Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDB

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

in Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS

with Db2 Spatial Extender

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	128.46
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	0.86
Rank	#203	Overall
	#34	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

www.ibm.com/products/db2

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

surrealdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

doc.nuodb.com

surrealdb.com/docs

Developer

Cognitect

IBM

Microsoft

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

SurrealDB Ltd

Initial release

2012

1983

host version

1989

2013

2022

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

12.1, October 2016

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

free version is available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C and C++

C++

Rust

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries

MongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java, SQL

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

only with Windows/Unix/Linux Version

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

with separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

yes, based on authentication and database rules

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