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DBMS > Datomic vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrigoDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrigoDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#380  Overall
#50  Document stores
#18  Object oriented DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.datomic.comhbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorigodb.comrdf4j.org
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerorigodb.com/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperCognitectApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftRobert Friberg et alSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2012200820192009 infounder the name LiveDB2004
Current release1.0.7075, December 20232.3.4, January 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaC#Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hostedLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infocan be achieved using .NET
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnono
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.NetJava
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsyes infoCoprocessors in JavaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesyes
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoDomain Eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononodepending on model
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)noACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole based authorizationno

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More resources
DatomicHBaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrigoDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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