DBMS > Datomic vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RocksDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

www.datomic.com

cloud.google.com/spanner

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Cognitect

Google

Microsoft

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2017

2016

2013

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
Java
PHP

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Transact SQL

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

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