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DBMS > Datomic vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­google/­leveldbgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldnsdb.io
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperCognitectGoogleGoogleGoogle
Initial release20122017201120142017
Current release1.0.6735, June 20231.23, February 20212.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++JavaScriptJava, Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
JavaScriptJava
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsnononono
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnonoUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime DatabaseUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono

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More resources
DatomicGoogle Cloud SpannerLevelDBLovefieldNSDb
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