DBMS > Datomic vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle NoSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	7.36
Rank	#53	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.05
Rank	#97	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#16	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

Developer

Cognitect

Google

Microsoft

Oracle

Initial release

2012

2017

2014

2011

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

3.4, August 2019

24.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

hosted

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

JavaScript

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes, watching key changes

yes, with Cloud Functions

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Using Cloud Dataflow

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and roles

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