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DBMS > Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB vs. Sqrrl

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB vs. Sqrrl

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Adaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache Accumulo
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
orientdb.orgsqrrl.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.immudb.iowww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperCognitectGoogleCodenotaryOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.
Initial release20122008202020102012
Current release1.0.7075, December 20231.2.3, April 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureGoJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like syntaxSQL-like query language, no joinsno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsusing Google App EnginenoJava, Javascriptno
TriggersBy using transaction functionsCallbacks using the Google Apps EnginenoHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingShardingShardingSharding infomaking use of Hadoop
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoop
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACIDAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entity
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurableCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

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More resources
DatomicGoogle Cloud DatastoreImmudbOrientDBSqrrl
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