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DBMS > Datomic vs. eXtremeDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. eXtremeDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comwww.mcobject.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.progress.com/­marklogicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperCognitectMcObjectGoogleMarkLogic Corp.Microsoft
Initial release20122001201520012016
Current release1.0.7075, December 20238.2, 202111.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC and C++C++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infosupport of XML interfaces availablenoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLnoyes infoSQL92yes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsyesnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQL
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes infoby defining eventsnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peershorizontal partitioning / shardingShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesnoyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyes
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomiceXtremeDBGoogle Cloud BigtableMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
» more
Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more
Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more
Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more

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More resources
DatomiceXtremeDBGoogle Cloud BigtableMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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