DBMS > Datomic vs. Geode vs. H2 vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Geode vs. H2 vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.datomic.com

geode.apache.org

www.h2database.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

geode.apache.org/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Cognitect

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Thomas Mueller

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2012

2002

2005

2019

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

1.1, February 2017

2.2.220, July 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

Java

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

user defined functions

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights per client and object definable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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