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DBMS > Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.In-memory JavaScript DBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.55
Rank#144  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score0.44
Rank#256  Overall
#40  Document stores
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbtechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperCognitectFoundationDBMicrosoft
Initial release20122013201420162017
Current release1.0.7180, July 20246.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++JavaScriptC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingnoyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infovia viewsyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaScriptC#
Java
PHP
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsin SQL-layer onlyView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQLno
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnononoyes

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More resources
DatomicFoundationDBLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNSDb
DB-Engines blog posts

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