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DBMS > Datomic vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Neo4j

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comwww.firebirdsql.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerneo4j.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperCognitectFirebird FoundationMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release20122000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20192007
Current release1.0.7075, December 20235.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases5.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC and C++Java, Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsPSQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomicFirebirdMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNeo4j
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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