DBMS > Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	13.64
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	1.64
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#345	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

firebase.google.com/docs/database

docs.heavy.ai

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Cognitect

Google

acquired by Google 2014

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2016

1989

2009

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

5.10, January 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++ and CUDA

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

limited functionality with using 'rules'

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Round robin

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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