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DBMS > Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS infocolumn-oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score7.36
Rank#53  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.64
Rank#108  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasefirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.html
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasefirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestorewww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQ
DeveloperCognitectGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, formerly Sybase
Initial release2012201220171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1994
Current release1.0.7075, December 202316.3, May 202416.1 SPS04, April 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionslimited functionality with using 'rules'yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
TriggersBy using transaction functionsCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes, with Cloud Functionsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSAP/Sybase Replication Server
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoUsing Cloud DataflownoHadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DatomicFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud FirestorePostgreSQLSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ
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