DBMS > Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	135.35
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	1.77
Rank	#141	Overall
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

docs.heavy.ai

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

Cognitect

Elastic

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Microsoft

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2012

2010

2016

1989

1998

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

8.6, January 2023

5.10, January 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

C++ and CUDA

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

PL/SQL

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Round robin

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

Multi-source replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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