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DBMS > Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. OrientDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. OrientDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­datastoreorientdb.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperCognitectElasticGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20122010200820101998
Current release1.0.7075, December 20238.6, January 20233.2.29, March 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query language, no joinsyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsyesusing Google App EngineJava, JavascriptPL/SQL
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks using the Google Apps EngineHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DatomicElasticsearchGoogle Cloud DatastoreOrientDBTimesTen
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