DBMS > Datomic vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	1.76
Rank	#139	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.47
Rank	#157	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

www.exasol.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

www.exasol.com/resources

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Cognitect

Exasol

Microsoft

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2012

2000

1989

2010

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

Java, C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

Java
Lua
Python
R

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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