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DBMS > Datomic vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. KeyDB vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. KeyDB vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comwww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
nsdb.io
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.keydb.devnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperCognitectExasolGoogleEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.
Initial release20122000201720192017
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD-3Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocogRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
Java
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsuser defined functionsnoLuano
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)simple password-based access control and ACL

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More resources
DatomicEXASOLGoogle Cloud SpannerKeyDBNSDb
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