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DBMS > Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed reliable key-value storeElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.55
Rank#144  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score5.61
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score7.05
Rank#53  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comduckdb.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comduckdb.org/­docsetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoft
Initial release2012201820162017
Current release1.0.7180, July 20241.0.0, June 20243.4, August 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++GoC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-lessFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsnonoTransact SQLno
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnoyes, watching key changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnononoyes

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More resources
DatomicDuckDBetcdMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNSDb
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