DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. PlanetScale vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. PlanetScale vs. PostgreSQL

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of VitessWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comdgraph.ioplanetscale.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdgraph.io/­docsplanetscale.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperCognitectDgraph Labs, Inc.PlanetScalePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012201620201989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.0.6735, June 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureGoGoC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsnoyes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID at shard levelACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnono infoPlanned for future releasesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesInstaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
DatomicDgraphPlanetScalePostgreSQL
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Nubank buys firm behind Clojure programming language
28 July 2020, Finextra

Zoona Case Study
16 December 2017, AWS Blog

Architecting Software for Leverage
13 November 2021, InfoQ.com

TerminusDB Takes on Data Collaboration with a git-Like Approach
1 December 2020, The New Stack

Brazil’s Nubank acquires US software firm Cognitect, creator of Clojure and Datomic
24 July 2020, LatamList

provided by Google News

Popular Open Source GraphQL Company Dgraph Secures $6M in Seed Round with New Leadership
20 July 2022, PR Newswire

The 12 Best Graph Databases to Consider for 2024
22 October 2023, Solutions Review

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, Business Wire

Dgraph Raises $6M in Seed Funding
20 July 2022, FinSMEs

provided by Google News

PlanetScale ends free tier bid, sheds staff in profitability bid
11 March 2024, The Register

PlanetScale Ranked Number 188 Fastest-Growing Company in North America on the 2023 Deloitte Technology Fast ...
8 November 2023, Business Wire

PlanetScale forks MySQL to add vector support
3 October 2023, TechCrunch

PlanetScale Named to Fortune 2023 Best Small Workplaces
31 August 2023, Business Wire

How to Migrate to PlanetScale's Serverless Database
14 October 2021, The New Stack

provided by Google News

Enterprise DB begins rolling AI features into PostgreSQL
23 May 2024, SiliconANGLE News

EDB unveils EDB Postgres AI
23 May 2024, InfoWorld

Building a CRUD App with Node.js, PostgreSQL, and Prisma
23 May 2024, hackernoon.com

Deep PostgreSQL Thoughts: Valuing Currency
22 May 2024, AWS Blog

Nutanix partners with EDB to fit database service for AI – Blocks and Files
21 May 2024, Blocks & Files

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

SingleStore logo

Database for your real-time AI and Analytics Apps.
Try it today.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Present your product here