DBMS > Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

dgraph.io

github.com/google/leveldb

google.github.io/lovefield

nsdb.io

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

dgraph.io/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

nsdb.io/Architecture

Developer

Cognitect

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Initial release

2012

2016

2011

2014

2017

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

1.23, February 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

JavaScript

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript

Java
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

Using Apache Lucene

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

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