DBMS > Cubrid vs. Ingres vs. MongoDB vs. RDF4J vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Cubrid vs. Ingres vs. MongoDB vs. RDF4J vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Well established RDBMS

One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS
Search engine

integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS

Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS

currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.04
Rank	#187	Overall
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	421.08
Rank	#5	Overall
	#1	Document stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.88
Rank	#203	Overall
	#95	Relational DBMS

Website

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.mongodb.com

rdf4j.org

vitess.io

Technical documentation

cubrid.org/manuals

docs.actian.com/ingres

www.mongodb.com/docs/manual

rdf4j.org/documentation

vitess.io/docs

Developer

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Actian Corporation

MongoDB, Inc

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale

Initial release

2008

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2009

2004

2013

Current release

11.0, January 2021

11.2, May 2022

6.0.7, June 2023

15.0.2, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C, C++, Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Docker
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

GraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Actionscript

unofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure

unofficial driver
ColdFusion

unofficial driver
D

unofficial driver
Dart

unofficial driver
Delphi

unofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy

unofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp

unofficial driver
Lua

unofficial driver
MatLab

unofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell

unofficial driver
Prolog

unofficial driver
Python
R

unofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk

unofficial driver
Swift

Java
PHP
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

in MongoDB Atlas only

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Ingres Replicator

Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

can be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency

default behaviour

Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID at shard level

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional, enabled by default

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
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Competitive advantages

Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
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Typical application scenarios

AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
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Key customers

ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
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Market metrics

Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
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Licensing and pricing models

MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
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