DBMS > Cubrid vs. Immudb vs. Lovefield vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Cubrid vs. Immudb vs. Lovefield vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.20
Rank	#169	Overall
	#78	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	2.28
Rank	#115	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

google.github.io/lovefield

pouchdb.com

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

cubrid.org/manuals

docs.immudb.io

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

pouchdb.com/guides

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Codenotary

Google

Apache Software Foundation

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2008

2020

2014

2012

2004

Current release

11.0, January 2021

1.2.3, April 2022

2.1.12, February 2017

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++, Java

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like syntax

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

immudb (immutable database) 'tamper-proof' database - Open Source Insider
14 December 2021, ComputerWeekly.com

Open Source Immutable Database Adds Cluster Support Capable of Billions of Transactions and Potentially Unlimited ...
16 November 2021, businesswire.com

Storage news ticker – November 15 – Blocks and Files
15 November 2021, Blocks & Files

provided by Google News

Building an Offline First App with PouchDB — SitePoint
10 March 2014, SitePoint

Getting Started with PouchDB Client-Side JavaScript Database — SitePoint
7 September 2016, SitePoint

3 Reasons To Think Offline First
22 March 2017, IBM

Create Offline Web Apps Using Service Workers & PouchDB — SitePoint
7 March 2017, SitePoint

Offline-first web and mobile apps: Top frameworks and components
22 January 2019, TechBeacon

provided by Google News

GraphDB Goes Open Source
27 January 2020, iProgrammer

provided by Google News

Share this page