DBMS > Cubrid vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Cubrid vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.04
Rank	#187	Overall
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	0.60
Rank	#244	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

www.harperdb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

cubrid.org/manuals

docs.harperdb.io/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

HarperDB

Microsoft

8Kdata

Initial release

2008

2017

1989

2016

Current release

11.0, January 2021

3.1, August 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C, C++, Java

Node.js

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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