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DBMS > Cubrid vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Cubrid vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCubrid  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionCUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTPOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.20
Rank#169  Overall
#78  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitecubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)
github.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationcubrid.org/­manualsapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.heavy.aidocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperCUBRID Corporation, CUBRID FoundationFoundationDBGoogleHEAVY.AI, Inc.Microsoft
Initial release20082013201720162016
Current release11.0, January 20216.2.28, November 20205.10, January 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++, JavaC++C++ and CUDAC++
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxhosted
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyessupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Proceduresin SQL-layer onlynonoTransact SQL
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding infoRound robinSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
CubridFoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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