DBMS > Cubrid vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Virtuoso vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison Cubrid vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Virtuoso vs. YottaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs

A fast and solid embedded Key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

using the Octo plugin

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.04
Rank	#187	Overall
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	1.76
Rank	#139	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	4.36
Rank	#72	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	4.27
Rank	#73	Overall
	#13	Document stores
	#4	Graph DBMS
	#2	Native XML DBMS
	#39	Relational DBMS
	#2	RDF stores
	#9	Search engines

Score	0.28
Rank	#306	Overall
	#44	Key-value stores

Website

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

www.exasol.com

cloud.google.com/datastore

virtuoso.openlinksw.com

yottadb.com

Technical documentation

cubrid.org/manuals

www.exasol.com/resources

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

docs.openlinksw.com/virtuoso

yottadb.com/resources/documentation

Developer

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Exasol

Google

OpenLink Software

YottaDB, LLC

Initial release

2008

2000

2008

1998

2001

Current release

11.0, January 2021

7.2.11, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Open Source

AGPL 3.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++, Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

hosted

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Docker
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

SQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

SQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX

by using the Octo plugin

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT

PostgreSQL wire protocol

using the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
Lua
Python
R

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

user defined functions

using Google App Engine

yes

Virtuoso PL

Triggers

yes

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

Users and groups based on OS-security mechanisms

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantages

Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenarios

Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customers

Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more

Market metrics

Largest installed-base of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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