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DBMS > CrateDB vs. H2 vs. Neo4j vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison CrateDB vs. H2 vs. Neo4j vs. Postgres-XL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed Database based on LuceneFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.69
Rank#226  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#11  Vector DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#260  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Websitecratedb.comwww.h2database.comneo4j.comwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlneo4j.com/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperCrateThomas MuellerNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release2013200520072014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release5.8.1, August 20242.2.220, July 20235.23, August 202410 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJava, ScalaC
Server operating systemsAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportAll OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityyesnoyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
Java.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions (Javascript)Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACIDACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CrateDBH2Neo4jPostgres-XL
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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