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DBMS > CrateDB vs. FoundationDB vs. GBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison CrateDB vs. FoundationDB vs. GBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionDistributed Database based on LuceneOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitecratedb.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.gbase.cnazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperCrateFoundationDBGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.MicrosoftTobias Oetiker
Initial release20132013200420191999
Current release6.2.28, November 2020GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8ccloud service with continuous releases1.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaC++C, Java, PythonC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedHP-UX
Linux
Data schemeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-free infosome layers support schemasyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitysupported in specific SQL layer onlyStandard with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languages.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions (Javascript)in SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelyesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Linearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
none
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlrights management via user accountsnoyesAzure Active Directory Authenticationno
More information provided by the system vendor
CrateDBFoundationDBGBaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRRDtool
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more

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More resources
CrateDBFoundationDBGBaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRRDtool
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