DBMS > CrateDB vs. Dgraph vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison CrateDB vs. Dgraph vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed Database based on Lucene

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.

Primary database model

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Relational DBMS

Column oriented

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.69
Rank	#226	Overall
	#37	Document stores
	#5	Spatial DBMS
	#16	Search engines
	#19	Time Series DBMS
	#11	Vector DBMS

Score	1.39
Rank	#155	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.88
Rank	#130	Overall
	#23	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	9.62
Rank	#42	Overall
	#26	Relational DBMS

Website

cratedb.com

dgraph.io

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

www.vertica.com

Technical documentation

cratedb.com/docs

dgraph.io/docs

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

vertica.com/documentation

Developer

Crate

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

OpenText

previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard

Initial release

2013

2016

1994

2005

Current release

5.8.1, August 2024

18.1.40, May 2020

12.0.3, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial license available

commercial

Limited community edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

C++

Server operating systems

All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

schema-free

Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL

character-based, interactive, front-end utility

Supported programming languages

.NET
Erlang
Go

community maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

community maintained client
Perl

community maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

community maintained client
Scala

community maintained client

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions (Javascript)

yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

yes, called Custom Alerts

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

none

horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Configurable replication on table/partition-level

Synchronous replication via Raft

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Bi-directional Spark integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

rights management via user accounts

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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