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DBMS > CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. H2 vs. MarkLogic vs. Milvus

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. H2 vs. MarkLogic vs. Milvus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.h2database.comwww.progress.com/­marklogicmilvus.io
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablegraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.md
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerOntotextThomas MuellerMarkLogic Corp.
Initial release20052000200520012019
Current release3.3.3, December 202310.4, October 20232.2.220, July 202311.0, December 20222.4.4, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageErlangJavaJavaC++C++, Go
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesVector, Numeric and String
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyes infoSQL92no
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptno
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0nonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes, with Range Indexesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMH2MarkLogicMilvus
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
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