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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Galaxybase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Galaxybase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGalaxybase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Scalable, ACID-compliant native distributed parallel graph platformFully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#39  Graph DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orggalaxybase.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerChuanglin(Createlink) Technology Co., Ltd 浙江创邻科技有限公司MicrosoftMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20052017201920162016
Current release3.3.3, December 2023Nov 20, November 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC and JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxhostedhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeStrong typed schemaFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIBrowser interface
console (shell)
Graph API (Gremlin)
OpenCypher
Proprietary native API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Go
Java
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptuser defined procedures and functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQL
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GalaxybaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDB
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