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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptFully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasegoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorervitess.io
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablefirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasegithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorervitess.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20052012201420192013
Current release3.3.3, December 20232.1.12, February 2017cloud service with continuous releases15.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangJavaScriptGo
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'noYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoproprietary syntax
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesUsing read-only observersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesACIDnoACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDBnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabaseLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVitess
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