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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. NuoDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelDocument storeSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerElasticGoogleDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release2005201020172013
Current release3.3.3, December 20238.6, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangJavaC++
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptyesnoJava, SQL
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud SpannerNuoDB
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