DBMS > CouchDB vs. EJDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. EJDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

column oriented

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.30
Rank	#47	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	0.31
Rank	#296	Overall
	#44	Document stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

couchdb.apache.org

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.tigergraph.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb/blob/master/README.md

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Softmotions

Microsoft

8Kdata

Initial release

2005

2012

2019

2017

2016

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

GPLv2

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

server-less

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, bool, date, object_id

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

in-process shared library

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

typically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possible

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Read/Write Locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

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