DBMS > CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. ToroDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. ToroDB vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	9.30
Rank	#45	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Website

couchdb.apache.org

www.datomic.com

github.com/torodb/server

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

docs.datomic.com

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Cognitect

8Kdata

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2005

2012

2016

2014

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Erlang

Java, Clojure

Java

C++, Java

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

Clojure
Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Transaction Functions

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Source-replica replication

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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