DBMS > CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. JanusGraph vs. MySQL vs. Pinecone

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. JanusGraph vs. MySQL vs. Pinecone

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

Widely used open source RDBMS

A managed, cloud-native vector database

Primary database model

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.64
Rank	#45	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	1.47
Rank	#145	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	1.78
Rank	#131	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	1017.80
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	3.09
Rank	#84	Overall
	#4	Vector DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

docs.datomic.com

docs.janusgraph.org

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.pinecone.io/docs/overview

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Cognitect

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Pinecone Systems, Inc

Initial release

2005

2012

2017

1995

2019

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

1.0.7180, July 2024

1.0.0, October 2023

9.0.0, July 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Erlang

Java, Clojure

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

String, Number, Boolean

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

Clojure
Java

Clojure
Java
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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