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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score2.28
Rank#115  Overall
#21  Document stores
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.postgres-xl.orgpouchdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationpouchdb.com/­guides
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCognitectGoogleApache Software Foundation
Initial release2005201220082014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2012
Current release3.3.3, December 20231.0.6735, June 202310 R1, October 20187.1.1, June 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangJava, ClojureCJavaScript
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
macOS
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes, details hereyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infodistributed, parallel query executionno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptyes infoTransaction Functionsusing Google App Engineuser defined functionsView functions in JavaScript
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infoMVCCno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DatomicGoogle Cloud DatastorePostgres-XLPouchDB
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