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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Firebird vs. Ingres

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Firebird vs. Ingres

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseWell established RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingres
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datomic.comwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.actian.com/­ingres
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCognitectFirebird FoundationActian Corporation
Initial release200520122000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s
Current release3.3.3, December 20231.0.7075, December 20235.0.0, January 202411.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangJava, ClojureC and C++C
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptyes infoTransaction FunctionsPSQLyes
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replicationIngres Replicator
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DatomicFirebirdIngres
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