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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDB
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.h2database.comhsqldb.org
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datomic.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCognitectElasticThomas Mueller
Initial release20052012201020052001
Current release3.3.3, December 20231.0.7075, December 20238.6, January 20232.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangJava, ClojureJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query languageyesyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptyes infoTransaction FunctionsyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQL
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentMemcached and Redis integrationyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DatomicElasticsearchH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB
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