DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Lovefield vs. RDFox vs. SQLite vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Lovefield vs. RDFox vs. SQLite vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#300	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#354	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#15	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

google.github.io/lovefield

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.sqlite.org

velocitydb.com

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Google

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Dwayne Richard Hipp

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

2015

2014

2017

2000

2011

Current release

24.1.0, May 2024

2.1.12, February 2017

6.0, Septermber 2022

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
macOS
Windows

server-less

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

RDF schemas

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

.Net

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

JavaScript

C
Java

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

none

replication via a shared file system

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Roles, resources, and access types

Based on Windows Authentication

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