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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldorientdb.orgrdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20152011201420102004
Current release24.1.0, May 20241.23, February 20212.1.12, February 20173.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++JavaScriptJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language, no joinsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCTinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoJava, Javascriptyes
TriggersnonoUsing read-only observersHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTnonenoneMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnonoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableno

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CockroachDBLevelDBLovefieldOrientDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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