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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SingleStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperCockroach LabsThomas MuellerMicrosoftSingleStore Inc.
Initial release2015200520162013
Current release24.1.0, May 20242.2.220, July 20238.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialcommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaC++C++, Go
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux info64 bit version required
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesyesyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
JavaC#
Java
PHP
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLyes
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesFine grained access control via users, groups and roles

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More resources
CockroachDBH2Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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