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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. GraphDB vs. Hive vs. Titan vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. GraphDB vs. Hive vs. Titan vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.ontotext.comhive.apache.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titantypedb.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homegithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikitypedb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperCockroach LabsOntotextApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookAurelius, owned by DataStaxVaticle
Initial release20152000201220122016
Current release23.1.1, May 202310.4, October 20233.1.3, April 20222.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesno
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backendsSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replicationselectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoConstraint checkingnoyes infoRelationships in graphno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights for users, groups and rolesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serveryes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMHiveTitanTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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