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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Titan vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Titan vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titantypedb.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homegithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikitypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookAurelius, owned by DataStaxVaticle
Initial release20152017201220122016
Current release23.1.1, May 20233.1.3, April 20222.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesno
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backendsSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serveryes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHiveTitanTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHiveTitanTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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