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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. LevelDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homegithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookGoogle
Initial release2015201720122011
Current release24.1.0, May 20243.1.3, April 20221.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factornone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesno

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More resources
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHiveLevelDB
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