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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenTSDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenTSDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable Time Series DBMS based on HBaseRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.68
Rank#146  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­bigtableazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreropentsdb.netwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.html
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreropentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.htmlhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleMicrosoftcurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributorsSAP infoformerly Sybase
Initial release20152015201920111992
Current release23.1.1, May 2023cloud service with continuous releases17, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoLGPLcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnumeric data for metrics, strings for tagsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Telnet API
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infobased on HBasenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infobased on HBaseSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroring
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency infobased on HBaseImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud BigtableMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenTSDBSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere
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