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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesDistributed, fault tolerant key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score4.01
Rank#79  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­bigtableazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorernsdb.io
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorernsdb.io/­Architecturewww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleMicrosoftOpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release20152015201920172009
Current release24.1.0, May 2024cloud service with continuous releases3.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise edition
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJava, ScalaErlang
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexedrestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Scala
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoErlang
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono infolinks between data sets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesUsing Apache Luceneyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationyes, using Riak Security

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More resources
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud BigtableMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNSDbRiak KV
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