DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Hive vs. Titan vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Hive vs. Titan vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	0.65
Rank	#234	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery

hive.apache.org

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

typedb.com

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

typedb.com/docs

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Google

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Vaticle

Initial release

2015

2010

2012

2016

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

3.1.3, April 2022

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Clojure
Java
Python

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Sharding

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

selectable replication factor

yes

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graph

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

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Licensing and pricing models

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